Electric arc furnace design operation and working principle. This course covers safety, the basics of electrical and mechanical features of electric arc furnaces, refractories, and the role of raw materials. An arrangement for charging an electric arc furnace with a relatively freeflowing charge of sponge iron or other ironcontaining particles distributes the charge of particles within the furnace through a first chute before a melting stage of an electric arc steelmaking operation is begun, and then continuously through a second chute which extends through the roof of the furnace. May 30, 2018 an electric arc furnace is essentially a giant heatresistant kettle powered by three graphite spikes.
Aug 09, 2018 electric arc furnace means an extremely hot enclosed space, where heat is produced by means of electrical arcing for melting certain metals such as scrap steel without changing electrochemical properties of the metal. The sequence of operations is similar to that in the bos furnace, except that, after charging, the charge must be melted down. Electric arc furnace boiling steel before power failure by gregory hildstrom. Theoretical estimation of peak arc power to increase. In an eaf, scrap andor manufactured iron such as dri, pig iron, iron carbide units are melted and converted into high quality steel by using highpower electric arcs formed between a cathode and one for dc or three for ac anodes. High productivity low production cost reliable operation low maintenance 4 2 1 8 7 2 5 6 3 power conducting arms. Sms group website plants all plants electric steelmaking eaf electric arc furnace the arccess family boosting your electric arc furnaces sis oxygen injection and burner system you want to boost your eaf productivity and reduce your electricity consumption. Sms demag electric arc furnaces design features 4 sms demag electric arc furnaces are known worldwide for their availability and robustness. Water leaks into a hot furnace in large enough quantities to become superheated and trigger a violent steam explosion. Shanghai jeven technology service company is specially focus on producing small dc electric arc furnace, ac arc furnace and submerged arc furnace.
Electric arc furnaces loads can result in serious electrical disturbances on a power system. Electric arc furnace powerpoint template is editable and electric arc furnace ppt template can be customized according to the need and also the above electric arc furnace powerpoint template is very attractive and made according to the topic. Modeling and control of an electric arc furnace benoit boulet, gino lalli and mark ajersch centre for intelligent machines mcgill university 3480 university street, montreal, quebec, canada h3a 2a7 abstract electric arc furnaces eafs are widely used in steelmaking and in smelting of nonferrous metals. The electric arc furnace eaf is a highly energy intensive process used to convert scrap metal into molten steel. The above electric arc furnace powerpoint ppt template is designed by expert designers. Design and prototype development of a minielectric arc furnace f. In this furnace, the arc may be created by the following different ways.
Arc furnaces used in research laboratories and by dentists may have a capacity of. It also consumes much less energy than the bos furnace. Production of liquid steel in an electric arc furnace can be defined with the following order. The temperature around the arc rises to 1200 o c and a 100 tonnes charge can be melted in about 60 minutes the four main stages are roll over the. Review of standards of performance for electric arc. Modern electric furnace steelmaking a practical training. Our furnace design reflects constant improvements and responds to our customers demands. China electric arc furnace manufacturers select 2020 high quality electric arc furnace products in best price from certified chinese boiler manufacturers, electric shock suppliers, wholesalers and factory on. How eaf steam explosions occur in the fatal accidents described above, and in many others documented as well, there is a common denominator. The furnace has a removable watercooled lid that holds the graphite spikes and is connected to large power lines that act as electrodes.
An electric arc furnace eaf, aka carbon arc furnace caf, melts metal with an arc between movable carbon electrodes and the charge metal in a conductive crucible. The furnace operating on this principle is known as direct arc furnace. This is where the application of prebaked graphite electrodes in a dc arc furnace came about. Final report optimal operation of electric arc furnaces. The electric arc furnace is a tier 2 machine introduced in galacticraft 3 usage. Theoretical estimation of peak arc power to increase energy. Primetals technologies implemented an innovative waste heat recovery system at the steelworks of arvedi in cremona, italy. This is a thyristor controlled reactor tcr in parallel with filter capacitor banks. By striking the arc between the charge and electrode. The arc is resistive, so current has the same phase of the arc voltage. In the electric arc furnace, the heat is generated by an electric arc.
Furthermore, it is also a function of the arc voltage, and hence for a specific arc voltage, the conversion of electrical energy to thermal energy is maximum. Flicker in arc furnace applications page 4 qualtech engineers, inc. Modeling of electric arc furnaces eaf with electromagnetic. The program will explore the fundamentals of electric furnace steelmaking technology, the use of energy. Us4451925a charging system for electric arc furnaces.
The core is bent to follow the bottom curvature of the furnace and give. The challenge of improving electric arc efficiency. The paper presents a proportional regulatorbased control strategy for a three phase electric arc furnace. Electricarc furnaces definition of electricarc furnaces. Dc electric arc furnace manufacturer shanghai jeven. In electric arc furnaces, high voltage is applied to electrodes to create an electric arc between a metal charge and the electrodes. Figure 1 is an illustration of a modern electric arc furnace with eccentric bottom tapping ebt and equipped with an electromagnetic stirrer. Arc furnace melting and sand casting of aluminum and. Modeling, optimization and estimation in electric arc furnace eaf operation author. In this method, the heat is directly conducted and taken by the charge. Waste heat recovery system for electric arc furnaces youtube. Steel plantechs electric furnaces for steelmaking are core products succeeded from jfe engineering formerly nkk.
Its abundant experience as a steelmaker or in other words, a user in addition to technical knowhow gleaned from experience in the design and engineering of electric furnaces for steelmaking, accumulated since 1968, enabled the provision not only of. Design and prototype development of a mini electric arc furnace f. Design and prototype development of a minielectric arc. Modeling, optimization and estimation in electric arc. Electric arc furnace first pour and steel casting by gregory hildstrom. The electric arc furnace eaf offers an alternative method of bulk steel manufacture. Arc furnace range in size from small units of approximately one ton capacity up to 400 tons. Electric arc furnace, eaf, electromagnetic stirring, cfd, flow modeling abstract electromagnetic stirring can play an important role in modern electric arc furnaces eaf, as they often operate far from equilibrium conditions, with taptotap times of 45 minutes or less, high electric power input and significant.
Products ironmaking and steelmaking electric arc furnaces. Iron and steel manufacture iron and steel manufacture technology related to the production of. The electric arc heating may be used in the following different ways. This regulator is used in order to obtain the maximum or a desired active power of the. Low level frequency modulation of the supply voltage of less than 0. A wide variety of electric arc furnace options are available to you, there are 1,708 suppliers who sells electric arc furnace on, mainly located in asia.
By computational fluid dynamics modeling of ac electric arcs, it was found that to increase the efficiency in the power delivered to the arc. An electric furnace is just like that of a traditional gas furnace apart from that it generates heat with electric heating elements. The chemistry of steelmaking in an electric arc furnace the. The conventional control systems assume the inductance of the secondary side of the arc furnace is constant. Most eaf articles and videos i have seen describe threephase megawattscale equipment used at recycling plants. Electric arc furnace is a furnace that heats the charged material by mean of an electric arc. Ultrahigh power electric arc furnace,melting furnacexian. Salzgitter the process shown above is illustrative only and is not designed to show the steelmaking process in detail. Since then, that concept has been applied in a number of areas. X is the circuit reactance, v is the voltage without load, va is the arc voltage and i is the current. Exergy and energy analysis of an ac steel electric arc. Electric arc furnace means an extremely hot enclosed space, where heat is produced by means of electrical arcing for melting certain metals such as scrap steel without changing electrochemical properties of the metal. Power quality measurements and operating characteristics.
Electric arc furnaces eafs are used to produce carbon steels and alloy steels primarily by recycling ferrous scrap. Jones, nupro corporation continued furnace charging melting refining deslagging tapping furnace turnaround top refining refining operations in the electric arc furnace have traditionally involved the removal of phosphorus, sulfur, aluminum, silicon, manganese and carbon from the steel. Online estimation of electric arc furnace tap temperature. Tetronics testwork, and the scaleup potential of aseas dc arc furnace. Direct reduction scrap ladle refining electric arc furnace steelmaking iron ore pellets electric arc furnace steelmaking continuous casting design by cover photo.
The electrical power converted to thermal energy is a function of the inductance of the arc furnace circuit. The second world war saw a steep increase in the use of these furnaces leading to the modern electric arc furnace design operation and working principles. An electric arc furnace eaf is a furnace that heats charged material by means of an electric arc industrial arc furnaces range in size from small units of approximately one ton capacity used in foundries for producing cast iron products up to about 400 ton units used for secondary steelmaking. An arrangement for charging an electric arc furnace with a relatively freeflowing charge of sponge iron or other ironcontaining particles distributes the charge of particles within the furnace through a first chute before a melting stage of an electric arc steelmaking operation is begun, and then continuously through a second chute which extends through the roof of the furnace during the. These furnaces are used for production and refining of.
The chemistry of steelmaking in an electric arc furnace. In the electric arc furnace, steel is produced only through scrap fusion. An electric arc furnace is essentially a giant heatresistant kettle powered by three graphite spikes. Heat is generated by the electrical resistance of the metal charge against passing the electric current. This invention assures the continuous melting of ferrous materials, the simultaneous and. Review of standards of performance for electric arc furnaces. View and download powerpoint presentations on electric furnace ppt. Common causes of electric furnace issues among the various types of furnaces that are available in the market, electrical furnaces are considered to be the most popular one. Here, electric arc is produced between the electrodes. Arc furnace melting and sand casting of aluminum and copper james bonnell james obrien engr 45 dec 8, 2004 arc furnace typical uses metal recycling used to reclaim iron, nickel and cobalt alloy scrap is generally 100% of the charge with computer control is used to separate various mixed scrap to specific compositions arc furnace benefits. An efficient power control scheme for electric arc. Design and prototype development of a minielectric arc furnace.
Modern electric furnace steelmaking a practical training seminar. National emission standards for hazardous air pollutants for area sources. Power quality measurements and operating characteristics of. Ironmaking and steelmaking electric arc furnaces fastarc is the trademark for a stateoftheart electric steelmaking process technology that optimizes melt shop practices according to the available types of ferrous charge materials. Electric arc furnaces eaf one charge our invention makes possible the continuous melting of ferrous materials such as sponge iron, scrap iron or iron ore in an electric arc furnace so that the electric arc is never turned off nor is the power ever reduced. These improvements to the processing of scrap steel comprised of larger more efficient and higher capacity furnaces. Scraps, direct reduced iron, pig iron, and additives are melted through highpower electric arcs formed between a cathode.
Jun 16, 20 electric arc furnaceelectric arc furnace. Abb has developed a new family of electromagnetic stirrers, eafems, optimized for electric arc furnaces. The furnaces operating on this principle are known as. It makes steel from what would otherwise be unsightly and environmentally damaging scrap metals. An induction furnace is an electrical furnace in which the heat is applied by induction heating of metal. In the past electric steel mills have been subject of some operation models developed in order to improve the control of the arc furnace by means of mathematical techniques and, later on, with finite elements technique fem.
The furnace charge melts when an electric arc passes between the electrodes and the scrap metal. Ppt puddling furnace powerpoint presentation free to. Modeling, optimization and estimation in electric arc furnace. Ultrahigh power electric arc furnace,melting furnacexi. It has similar functionality to an electric furnace but with two major benefits. There is a broad variety of steel scrap, both in terms of composition from plain carbon steel through to highly alloyed tool steel and geometry from finely shredded sheet through to. An electric arc furnace eaf is a furnacethat heats charged material by means of anelectric arc. Arc furnaces range in size from small unitsof approximately one ton capacity used infoundries for producing cast iron productsup to about 400 ton units used for secondarysteelmaking 3. Electric arc furnace powerpoint template electric arc. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about electric furnace ppt. When the lid is raised, the furnace can be loaded with any combination of iron scrap, iron ore, flux and. The electric arc furnace working principle is based on the heat generated by an electric arc. The sequence of making steel in an electric arc furnace.
The temperature around the arc rises to 1200 o c and a 100 tonnes charge can be melted in about 60 minutes. Electric arc furnace heating your electrical guide. Energy efficiency opportunities in electric arc steelmaking. Java project tutorial make login and register form step by step using netbeans and mysql database duration. However, these models have not reached the expected results and applicability. The top countries of suppliers are india, china, from which the percentage of electric arc furnace supply is 1%, 99% respectively.